Demand for industrial and commercial electricity : evidence from Japan

This study aims to estimate electricity demand functions in Japan's industrial and commercial sectors. We adopt data from the Energy Consumption Statistics by Prefecture by the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Japan, to delineate the demand between the industrial and commercial sector. The results reveal that in both sectors, the price elasticity of demand is extremely low in the short and long run and production elasticity is greater than price elasticity. Thus, price elasticity is not a key determinant in electricity demand fluctuations. Furthermore, an analysis of the factors influencing changes in electricity demand in the industrial sector suggests that the declining demand growth in large metropolitan areas is mainly attributable to declining production factors, not increasing electricity rates. By contrast, the commercial sector is experiencing an increasing demand for electricity and significant growth nationwide, which can be attributed to an increase in commercial floor space and advances in office automation.