Heckman, James J. - Institute for the Study of Labor (IZA) - 2008
This paper discusses (a) the role of cognitive and noncognitive ability in shaping adult outcomes, (b) the early … emergence of differentials in abilities between children of advantaged families and children of disadvantaged families, (c) the … role of families in creating these abilities, (d) adverse trends in American families, and (e) the effectiveness of early …