. Their study has been faulted because minority children and their parents may have pessimistic expectations about receiving … outcomes, minority parents and children have more pessimistic expectations about child schooling relative to white children and … their parents when their children are young. At later ages, expectations are more uniform across racial and ethnic groups …

Nearly 60 percent of college students today are women. Using longitudinal data on a nationally representative cohort of … eighth grade students in 1988, I examine two potential explanations for the differential attendance rates of men and women …

depends on whether students are the same race or ethnicity as their instructors. To identify racial interactions and address … potential biases from sorting by focusing on students with restricted course enrollment options due to low registration … priorities, students not getting first section choices, and on courses with no within-term or within-year racial variation in …

to work in schools with higher achieving students from more advantaged socioeconomic backgrounds. Principals often use … schools with many poor or low-achieving students as stepping stones to what they view as more desirable assignments. We use …

outcomes for students. In this paper, we use value-added methods to examine the relationship between a school's effectiveness … systematically recruit more effective teachers; whether they assign teachers to students more effectively; whether they do a better … novice teachers to students in a more equitable fashion. Third, we find that teachers who work in schools that were more …