, children's peers are complementary to financial investment by parents, while the adult role models are substitutes. In contrast … of a convex relation in rural and urban Indonesia. The rural-urban relative mobility curves cross, with the children of … children when the father has more than nine years of schooling. However, the rural children face lower absolute mobility across …

learning were concentrated among initially better-performing schools and students. At the same time, learning outcomes may have … decreased for schools and students that were lower performing at baseline. Finally, the study finds that incentivizing students …

outcomes and educational achievement for all children. Secondary data analysis shows that Indonesia has demonstrated great … challenges and offers policy recommendations to ensure inclusivity in education for children with disabilities …

. It compares the outcomes of two cohorts of children who were exposed to the same intervention at different points in time …