Measuring employment and unemployment is essential for economic policy. Internationally agreed measures (e.g. headcount … employment and unemployment rates based on standard definitions) enhance comparability across time and space, but changes in real …

Persistent unemployment after recessions and the policies required to bring it down are the subject of an ongoing … unemployment, requiring the implementation of structural policy reforms. The alternative view is that the slow recovery of the … economy is due to cyclic reasons coming from lack of demand which prevents unemployment from falling quickly. Knowing whether …

Long-term unemployment can lead to skill attrition and have detrimental effects on future employment prospects …, particularly following periods of economic crises when employment growth is slow and cannot accommodate high levels of unemployment … costeffective and efficient means of reducing unemployment, during both periods of economic stability and recovery. …

Studies find that technological change has contributed to the decline in manufacturing and to persistent unemployment …