We identify crucial events during the European sovereign debt crisis and investigate their impact on the euro currency … (ECB) actions, and credit rating downgrades affect the value and the crash risk of the euro. We proxy the value changes of … the euro by its abnormal foreign exchange (FX) rate returns with respect to 35 currencies. The crash risk of the euro is …

a special emphasis on the first year of the euro. A contribution is made as to how to measure these roles, both for … identification of changes in the role of the euro during 1999 compared to the aggregate of euro predecessor currencies, net of intra … -euro area assets/liabilities, before stage 3 of EMU. A number of key factors determining the currency distribution of …

Using novel monthly data for 226 euro-area banks from 2007 to 2015, we investigate the determinants of changes in banks …

This paper distils three lessons for bank regulation from the experience of the 2009-12 euro-area financial crisis … fiscal distress, and inquires how the regulation of banks' sovereign exposures in the euro area should be changed to mitigate … new regulatory framework of the euro-area "banking union" can be expected to mitigate excessive forbearance and facilitate …