This paper offers a narrative description of Western European monetary policies during the 1980s, seen from a French and European perspective and based on the archives of the General Council of the Bank of France and of the Committee of Governors (CoG) of the central banks of the member states...

Tiny changes in the American monetary policy can have dramatic effects on the rest of the world because of dollar's double role of national and international currency. This is the Triffin dilemma. The paper shows how it works through three examples: price of commodities, dollarization, and the...

Competence behind sovereign ratings is crucial, given that the government bond market may be vulnerable to multiple equilibria and self-fulfilling prophecies. With this in mind, this paper reviews and scrutinises official Standard & Poor's publications that address key issues surrounding the...

Die Expansion der Weltwirtschaft ist unter dem Eindruck hoher Inflation, hartnäckiger Lieferengpässe und großer Unsicherheit im Frühjahr zum Stillstand gekommen. Die Reallöhne gehen in vielen Ländern deutlich zurück und dämpfen den privaten Konsum, auch wenn vielfach auf zusätzliche...