This paper discusses, first, the properties of scientific and technological knowledge and the institutions supporting …

levels of analysis of technologies, namely as (i) bodies of problem-solving knowledge, (ii) organizational procedures, and … those which concern knowledge and organizational procedures while in most respects the I/O representation is just an ex post …, derived, one. Next, we outline what we consider to be important advances in the understanding of productive knowledge and of …

This paper discusses, first, the properties of scientific and technological knowledge and the institutions supporting …

and in particular of Intellectual Property Right (IPR) as incentives for technological innovation. We start with a … critical discussion of the standard justification of the attribution of IPR in terms of market failures in knowledge generation …. Such an approach we argue misses important features of technological knowledge and also neglects the importance of non …

technological knowledge. We suggest some ways of enriching this framework with a more empirically grounded view of both and, by … differentiation and component innovation. We show that, as the complexity of the product spaces increases, stronger patent regimes … yield lower rates of innovation, lower product quality and lower consumers' welfare. -- Patents ; appropriability of …

accumulation by individuals and organizations of the knowledge and capabilities needed in order to sustain processes of technical … indigenous organizations have to enter and operate in particular markets and technology areas. However, knowledge accumulation is …

and in particular of Intellectual Property Right (IPR) as incentives for technological innovation. We start with a … critical discussion of the standard justification of the attribution of IPR in terms of "market failures" in knowledge … generation. Such an approach we argue misses important features of technological knowledge and also neglects the importance of …

an innovation rewarding institution. According to our analysis, pharma patents have constituted legal barriers to protect … aggressive in extending knowledge borders and enlarging the space protected from the possibility of infringements. This is also …

different configurations of the patent system upon innovation and competition. The model is able to replicate the main stylized … adverse effects in terms of innovation outcomes, as well as of market competition and consumer welfare. Such general …