Since the Tax Sharing Reform in 1994, the local government revenue of the People's Republic of China (PRC) has faced downward risk problems. This paper reviews the fiscal and taxation reforms in the central and local governments of the PRC and focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of fiscal...

Aus historischer Perspektive war die Einführung der Schuldenbremse vor 10 Jahren begründet worden. Im Vergleich zu Anfang der 60er Jahre hatte sich die Schuldenstandquote trotz Konso-lidierungsbemühungen unaufhaltsam von rund 20 auf 80 Prozent mehr als vervierfacht. Zudem war aufgrund eines...

Infrastructure construction is one of the basic driving forces of social and economic development. Since 1978, the construction of infrastructure in the People's Republic of China (PRC) has experienced rapid development, which has given a strong impetus to the PRC's modernization. But behind the...

France has a track record of persistent general government deficits, partly reflecting pro-cyclical fiscal policies in upswings. This has resulted in a quadrupling of its public debt-to-GDP ratio since the 1970s to above 80% of GDP. Reducing public debt is crucial because a high level of public...