-North convergence based on North-South technology diffusion through intermediate goods trade is guaranteed if the knowledge effect … dominates the productivity effect. Moreover, a larger Southern market expands the area of convergence and can prevent divergence … convergence is desirable for both, the South and the North. …

In the paper we analyze the convergence process of the West German Laender from 1970 to 1995 using descriptive tools as … convergence was insufficient in the sense that no gains have been achieved with respect to a stronger harmonization of the …