The present paper estimates and decomposes the employment effect of innovation by R&D intensity levels. Our micro … by raising their R&D expenditures. Most of the jobs in the economy are created by innovation followers: increasing … innovation by 1% may increase employment up to 0.7%. The job creation effect of innovation reaches its peak when R&D intensity is …

both private and public R&D spending. R&D forms an important part of innovation activities, but ignores many other … economy, innovation strategies and recent trends. The term 'lowtech sectors' is widely used and often refers to a wide range … important for employment, economic growth and knowledge formation in European economies. Firms (and the products produced) in …

of technological competitiveness (based on innovation in products and markets) or cost competitiveness (relying on … innovation in processes and machinery) and their impact on economic performances. We propose models for the determinants of … classes that group manufacturing and services industries with distinct patterns of innovation. Tests are carried out by …

The importance of SMEs in Europe's innovation process can be seen in both the academic and the political arena. Adopted … to their inputs into the innovation process. In particular, we draw attention to SMEs that contribute the most to the … supporting their strengths (knowledge, R&D). …