Grandparents act as the third biggest care giver besides day care and parental care for children below the age of 6 in … children's non-cognitive outcomes and parental well-being. To capture heterogeneous effects on different dimensions of children … panel data set, we analyze age-specific effects for families with children below the age of 11. Our preliminary results …

The consequences of early motherhood for the offspring are severely understudied, especially in low- and middle-income … phases of childhood and early adolescence. Our results indicate that children born to early mothers are shorter for their age …

collect detailed time-use information on students before and during the school closures in a survey of 1,099 parents in … argue that low-achieving students may be particularly affected by the lack of educator support during school closures. We … Germany. We find that while students on average reduced their daily learning time of 7.4 hours by about half, the reduction …

It has been shown that a person's relative income - compared to a reference group - has a negative impact on self … relative income is low. In this paper we study this hypothesis by estimating the effect of relative income on job mobility … characteristics. Our findings suggest that workers compare their own income to that of their neighbors, and low relative income is …

I investigate the impact of parental unemployment on children's educational attainment and long-run labor market … outcomes in Austria. I find that parental unemployment shortly before an important educational decision by parents for their … children lowers a child's probability of holding a university degree by more than 5 percentage points. I do not find that …