measure of innovation alternative to patent count. Unlike the impact on patent count, we do not find that VC investment … impact on patent count at industry level, and this impact is larger than that of R&D expenditures. We confirm that this … and material. Therefore, our finding suggests that, at industry level, VC investment increases the patent propensity but …

favourable for innovation incentives. This is consistent with empirical evidence, suggesting that countries with a more equal …

technical and a pecuniary externality resulting from the innovation process may generate multiple equilibria. Redistribution may …

information for the innovation process of the firm. Appropriability is defined as the effectiveness of several protection …

Cumulative innovation is central to economic growth. Do patent rights facilitate or impede such follow-on innovation …. Patent rights appear to block follow-on innovation only in the technology fields of computers, electronics and medical … small innovators, suggesting that patents may impede the ‘democratization’ of innovation. …

private economic value of patents. The estimated mean of our patent value distribution is higher than 3 million Euros, the … skewed distribution of patent values. Our measure is significantly correlated with the number of patent citations, references …, claims, and countries in which the patent is applied. Citations explain value as much as the other three indicators combined …

This paper examines the sources of firm product and process innovation in Norway. It uses a purpose-built survey of ….’s (2007) contention that firm innovation is both the result of ‘science, technology and innovation’ (STI) and ‘doing, using … innovation and that both STI and DUI-modes of interaction matter. However, it also shows that DUI modes of interaction outside …

A large portion of innovators do not patent their inventions. This is a relative puzzle since innovators are often … protection technologies, both by the innovator and by imitators. We show that it can justify high level of profits beyond patents … and can account for the differences across sectors in the propensity to patent. Surprisingly, in general, the protection …