Effective policies to mitigate climate change need to be accompanied by a socially just transition. This is especially relevant for coal regions. This paper draws on the experiences of past and ongoing transition policies, exploring their effectiveness and transferability. The challenges of...

This study aims to contribute to the further development of the Member States' reporting to the EU with regard to the National Energy and Climate Change Plans (NECPs), especially with regard to the national progress reports, the NECP updates and a possible revision of the Governance Regulation....

The report provides an overview of environmentally harmful subsidies in Germany and makes proposals for their reform or reduction. It focuses on subsidies that have a negative impact on the environmental goods climate, air, soil, water, biodiversity and landscape, as well as on health and the...

This report analyses the influence of the design features of China’s pilot emissions trading systems (ETS) in the Province of Hubei and the Municipal City of Shenzhen and the development of the electricity markets on the quality of the carbon price signal. Based on publicly available data and...

This report analyses the interaction of the pilot Emissions Trading System (ETS) and the electricity market in Mexico. It does so along two main questions: a) How do ETS design features affect the environmental effectiveness of the system and the quality of the carbon price signal? b) How do...

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is the worst global crisis since the Second World War, with developing countries suffering more devastating economic and social effects than developed countries. Governments’ increased pandemic-related expenditure combined with the drastic fall in...