Volatility increases the risk of exchange rate, and the risk of exchange rate refers to losing money due to fluctuations in the exchange rate. Thus, it significantly impacts the country's economic development stability or sustainability, as making investment and trade decisions under volatile...

The objective of this research paper is to examine the relationship between relative price variability and inflation by using consumer price index (CPI) of Pakistan. The outcomes of the research further divided into food and non-food groups too. The monthly data of CPI was taken from the...

The study conducted primarily examined the effect of Social Media Marketing Effect on Brand equity in creating Purchase Intention and Customer equity. For this purpose, we employed structural equation modeling using Smart-PLS 3.0, the data of 312 respondents were collected through structured...

The authors present general review of the literature and the results of an empirical research on the subject. A cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted, being answered by 350 respondents: mix of graduate and post graduate doctors of private and public hospitals of Karachi City,...

The paper investigates the intervening influence of interactional justice between procedural justice and job performance (task, contextual and adaptive performance) of the faculty members of Karachi (Pakistan) and Dhaka (Bangladesh) based government colleges by using Structural Equation...

The objective of this research article is to examine the role of Pakistan's pharmaceutical industry in job creation opportunities, with the sacred intention to eradicate poverty, and expansion in economic activities. This research is quantitative in nature, and the data is directly gathered...

Preserving environmental and natural resources is one of the most important challenges for ensuring the sustainability of well-being over time. One can notice that measuring of environmental indicators related to environmentally responsible behaviour is complicated and demanding task. It is also...

The sustainable organization culture is one of the most important intangible assets and driver of competitiveness of organizations. The aim of this article is to reveal the role of various form of leadership in shaping organisational culture by conducting empirical study in the network of...

The frequent exposures of food safety events in recent years have aroused extensive social concerns. Food quality and safety are hot topics in the food engineering field. In a market with mutual competitions, the products of different enterprises are substitutive, and enterprises have to achieve...