Japan faces the problem of how to finance retirement, health, and long-term care expenditures as the population ages … of Japan. We find that financing the costs of aging through gradual increases in the consumption tax rate delivers a …

We assess the ongoing reform efforts in Japan in terms of inclusive growth. We use prefectural level panel data to … and policy variables. Our analysis suggests that achieving the Bank of Japan's 2 percent inflation target has a positive …

Yes, partly. This paper studies the potential role of structural reforms in improving Japan's outlook using the IMF …-fully-believed path of structural reforms can significantly offset the adverse effect of Japan's demographic headwinds - a declining and … significantly to stabilizing public debt because of the resulting increase in inflation towards the Bank of Japan's target, while …

Both Japan and Korea are trying to boost female labor force participation (FLFP) as they face the challenges of a … towards non-regular employment despite women's high education levels. This paper empirically examines what helps Japan and … tend to reduce the proportion of regular female employment in Japan and Korea, (ii) the persistent gender wage gap …

Japan's aging and shrinking population could lower the natural rate of interest and, together with low inflation … expectations, challenge the Bank of Japan's efforts to reflate the economy. This paper uses a semi-structural model to estimate the … impact of demographics on the natural rate in Japan. We find that demographic change has a significantly negative impact on …

The paper develops a general equilibrium framework to examine the economic implications of population aging in Japan … assess the impact of aging on Japan''s government finances; and (ii) compare fiscal policy options with respect to their … implications of population aging in Japan. Particular attention is paid to aggregate saving behavior which is modeled on the basis …

Japan has the most rapidly aging population in the world. This affects growth and fiscal sustainability, but the …

economies—Hong Kong SAR, Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, and the Philippines—for the period 1997–2050 using a simulation approach …. These calculations show the sensitivity of results to changing demographic structures on employment participation, labor …