taxes is to contain price rise and volatility, to generate revenue, and to increase transparency, these arguments are …, volatility and transaction cost using a three-equation structural model for five top selected commodities namely Gold, Copper … cost and liquidity, and a positive relationship between transaction cost and volatility. Therefore, if the government …

The Wishart autoregressive (WAR) process is a powerful tool to model multivariate stochastic volatility (MSV) with … stochastic volatility (WAR-SV) model is challenging because the latent volatility series does not have a closed-form transition … develop an effective two-step procedure to estimate parameters and the latent volatility series. The procedure can be applied …

This paper studies the information content of the S&P 500 and VIX markets on the volatility of the S&P 500 returns. We … risk-neutral distributions as well as the term structure of volatility smiles and of variance risk premia. We find that the …

volatility clustering in clock-time returns, even when trade- time returns are Gaussian. Finally, we highlight conditions on the … directing process which are required in order to generate proper volatility dynamics while simultaneously matching the … unconditional distribution of returns. In-sample fitting and out-of-sample realized volatility forecasting demonstrate the strength …