Using firm-level survey data on registered private firms collected by the World Bank's Enterprise Surveys, this paper …

This paper explores the determinants of public employment across the world and finds that it is negatively associated …

This paper explores trends and drivers behind the gender gap in pensions (GGP) in Europe, focusing on countries with … notionally defined contribution (NDC) schemes: Italy, Latvia, Norway, Poland, and Sweden. Based on current gender gaps on the …

inequality creates the impression that the world is subjected to two different pandemics in terms of their impact. This paper … yet to run its course through the age distributions of the world … applies not just to the vulnerable in the rich world; the vulnerable in the rest of the world are not more immune. Yet …

This paper revisits four recent cross-country empirical studies on the effects of inequality on growth. All four … these inequality-and-growth regressions are weak, and that weak instrument-consistent confidence sets for the effect of … inequality on growth include a wide range of positive and negative values. This suggests that strong conclusions about the effect …

for about 11 percent of firms and are more prevalent in countries with better rule of law, gender equality, and stronger … related to gender equality, it is smaller where there isless emphasis on personal networks (better rule of law, lower trade …

into a market-oriented economy. This paper offers a comprehensive study of inequality and mobility patterns for Russia … findings show rising income levels and decreasing inequality, with the latter being mostly caused by pro-poor growth rather …, leading to less long-term inequality than short-term inequality. The analysis also finds that switching from a part-time job …