Cyprus’ persistent current account deficits over the last decade point to potential competitiveness problems. This note reviews price and non-price indicators to assess the existence of a competitiveness gap in Cyprus and the factors underlying it. Results show that, while productivity growth...

Factors determining United States’ trade balance with Italy (NE) are examined, and tests for long run relationships performed. Results suggest the main determinant of NE is the output ratio, followed by the price ratio, real exchange rate, lending rate ratio, and the money supply ratio, which...