producing employment growth and in reducing unemployment than most continental-European OECD-countries. It is argued that the … developed venture capital markets should help to alleviate such financial constraints. This view that labor-market institutions …

reducing unemployment compared to most continental European OECD countries. As a rule they have also been and are still ahead …

of weak demand can lead to rising structural unemployment and a permanently lower capital stock – the hysteresis effects …) policies to cope with hysteretic unemployment is neither necessary nor sufficient. Instead, subtler forms of hysteresis should … be taken into account. They leave some room for monetary policy to maneuver, more complex way. If long-term unemployment …