Reflections on how much voluntary expenditure a company should make on environmental-protection measures are dominated by the discussion of relevant direct internal costs. Compulsory spending on environmental protection (e.g. expenditure forced by regulations) is not taken into account here,...

Companies are key contributors to economic, environmental and social wellbeing. Corporate activities pervade the present and are likely to be critical in the future, so that corporate sustainability is necessary for long-term sustainable development of the economy and society. In this context,...

Environmental Management Accounting (EMA) remains a relatively new decision-making initiative at the corporate level. This is particulary true when it comes to its adoption by small and medium-sized enterprises in developing and newly industrialised countries. This paper elaborates upon the...