The paper compares and contrasts the patent-based indicators, traditionally used to assess a country’s technological capacities and specialization. It seeks to determine how a chosen metric might affect the results of such an analysis, sometimes being misleading. Empirically, the paper is...

Patent data provide a rich set of information which can be used for comparative studies and trend analysis. The paper presents a systematic overview of the most appropriate tools methodologies that are available for determining the technological specialization of countries. Such analysis...

1 The Meaning of Foresight in Science Technology and Innovation Policy - An Introduction -- Section I: Instruments and Tools for Foresight Studies -- Section II: Foresight Instruments for Innovative Markets -- Section III: Country Foresight Studies -- Section IV: Foresight Studies - Instrument...