As the world's second largest carbon emitter, China has long been criticized as a "free-rider" benefiting from other … countries' efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions but not taking responsibility for its own emissions. China has been … contributions of interfuel switching, energy conservation, economic growth and population expansion to China's CO2 emissions during …

China's unilateral pledge to cut its carbon intensity by 40-45 percent by 2020 relative to its 2005 levels raises both … the stringency issue, and given that China's pledge is in the form of carbon intensity, reliability issues concerning … China's statistics on energy and GDP. Moreover, as long as China's commitments differ in form from those of other major …

In international climate change negotiations, China’s role is an issue of perennial concern. In particular, the lack of … quantitative, absolute emissions commitments from China has been the focus. In line with changing domestic and international … contexts, China is recalibrating its stance and strategy. Its participation in international climate change negotiations has …

China’s unilateral pledge to cut its carbon intensity by 40-45 percent by 2020 relative to its 2005 levels raises both … the stringency issue, and given that China’s pledge is in the form of carbon intensity, reliability issues concerning … China’s statistics on energy and GDP. Moreover, as long as China’s commitments differ in form from that of other major …

China's unilateral pledge to cut its carbon intensity by 40-45 percent by 2020 relative to its 2005 levels raises both … the stringency issue, and given that China's pledge is in the form of carbon intensity, reliability issues concerning … China's statistics on energy and GDP. Moreover, as long as China's commitments differ in form from those of other major …