In this paper we estimate gravity models to see whether trade volumes of countries in the MENA region are significantly … show that the variables used in standard gravity models cannot explain a significant part of MENA's trade performance …, particularly on exports. We then go on to 'augment' the standard gravity model with relevant variables from the World Bank …

This paper reviews the economics of trade policy in financial services, highlighting differences between trade across … borders and through commercial presence. Trade liberalization could complement other financial reforms by enhancing the …. However, it raises sectoral, strategic, and cultural concerns. The design of trade policy should therefore emphasize the nexus …

assets and financial liabilities, monetary survey and base, interest rates, balance of payments, foreign trade, commodity … composition of trade, fiscal operations of state budget, fund and social security funds. …

-3) Keywords trade, economic integration Countries covered CIS Topics International Trade, Competitiveness and FDI Volume and … Countries covered EU Topics International Trade, Competitiveness and FDI The gravity of cross-border R&D expenditure (by Sandra …-specific Topics International Trade, Competitiveness and FDI Statistical Annex Selected data on FDI in Central, East and Southeast …

BSR FDIs. Our results suggest that EU enlargement has been significant for FDI activity in the region, and that FDI is … distance is not a significant factor. We conclude that while being traditional in nature, the BSR FDI pattern is undergoing …

China. We use a panel dataset representing bilateral trade flows of 43 developed and developing countries that imported … examines the development of solar PV and wind energy technology component (WETC) exports from China and the competitive … estimate a gravity trade model using maximum likelihood estimation. Besides controlling for standard variables, we consider …

This paper analyzes the indirect impact of China on the export performance of major European countries (Italy, France …, these EU countries are likely to be at risk from China’s competition, especially in consumer goods. The heterogeneity in the …” sectors, most vulnerable to China’s competitive pressure. Using data for the period 1995-2009, this paper estimates the …

. Second, it shows that global trade in non-oil resource commodities can be described by the gravity model of trade. Using this … determinant of a country’s resource imports, and that this has been true for China as well as for other countries. …