This article investigates the extent that board characteristics and board strengths influence the accounting conservatism, estimated by market-based and accrual-based measures, before and during the financial crisis. The percentage of inside directors and the additional directorships (board...

In the last years, and especially during the recent financial crisis there is an ongoing debate about non-perorming loans (NPLs) as they have increased enormously, even in developed countries. This phenomenon has deteriorated the overall status of banks, especially in countries that affected...

This paper explores how political participation and engagement via social media may affect political participation and engagement offline and via other online channels, drawing from the exchange concept in marketing theory. Social media political participation and engagement is distinguished...

This paper provides review for which demonstrates the links between politics and banking. In addition to the perspective in , several recent studies relating to financial crisis are also introduced here. Issues about illiquidity, insolvency, credit boom, accuracy of credit rating, and neglected...