The persistence of the employment shock by COVID-19 has various policy implications during the pandemic and beyond it … results show that while face-to-face services were undoubtedly hit hard by the COVID-19 crisis, the sectoral shock was less … suggest that targeted measures to mitigate the persistent effects of the employment shock should take priority during the …

that such disturbances are important drivers of output fluctuations in both economies, we find the shock responses of …