the total effect of the enlargement into a "citizenship" effect due to (legal or illegal) migrants already present in …

constitutions reduce poverty? Second, does the strength of constitutional language of the economic and social rights matter … important results. First, we do not find an association between constitutional rights generally framed and poverty. Second, we … do not find an association between economic and social rights framed as directive principles and poverty. Third, we do …

analysis in which we control for relevant characteristics. We do find evidence of higher rates of poverty among immigrants … protecting immigrants from poverty across Europe. -- welfare ; immigrants ; Europe …

them? And third, what impact do measures of public resources for children have on child poverty rates? …The objective of this paper is to analyze the impact of fiscal policy on the economic resources available to children …, and on the child poverty rate. A static microsimulation model specifically designed for the purposes of comparative fiscal …