over the period from 1948 through 2008. We find that, with the introduction of the euro, trade imbalances among euro area … tends to be more balanced when nominal exchange rates are flexible. Intra-euro area imbalances also seem to have become more … persistent with the introduction of the euro, some of which is linked to labor market inflexibility. Reviewing the direction of …

last two waves of EU enlargement have had on Russia, as well as the role of the euro in Russia. The analysis suggests that … euro by Russian residents and authorities in international transactions has increased, albeit at an uneven pace. While, in … general, the US dollar remains the major foreign currency used by Russian residents, the euro has gained importance as an …

Nordic economies since the creation of Euro. The Minsky's financial instability hypothesis and the Kalecki's five …

This study grounds the establishment of EMU and the euro in the context of the history of international monetary … for a more expansive monetary policy. Such demands might arise in some parts or regions or countries of the euro area, but …

This study grounds the establishment of EMU and the euro in the context of the history of international monetary … for a more expansive monetary policy. Such demands might arise in some parts or regions or countries of the euro area, but …

convergence and divergence (decoupling) in the European Union, especially in the Euro Zone. One of the factors determining … and the Euro Zone from 1995 to 2011. The analytical methods employed here encompass a review of the literature on …

broader region. Egypt is a partner in the Euro-Mediterranean agreements. Egypt, on the crossroads of the Middle East and …

This paper reviews the economic, monetary and financial relations between the EU and the euro area and a set of …, some common features can also be identified. One of these common features is the fact that the euro area is their largest … assistance; meanwhile, from a euro area perspective, while these countries account for a somewhat smaller share of external trade …