disparate social worlds. Because innovation is known to occur when localized knowledge is transferred across social boundaries …

innovation while the mere size of the universities is unimportant. Differences in the effect on innovative output can be found …

sustain the innovation process that is at the basis of our prosperity. In this paper we deal with the age distributions of … among inventors. Additionally, we advance the new hypothesis that any age-bias in innovation activity should show up as …

use both academic publications and patent data to trace the geographical distribution of related knowledge and innovation …

This paper analyses the causal impact of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) on pharmaceutical innovation in a panel of …. Domestic innovation is measured as citation-weighted domestic patents filed at the European Patent Office (EPO): to account for … to patent at the EPO. Results show that, in the short-run, IPR stimulate innovation. The effect for developing countries …

We estimate differences in innovation behavior between foreign versus U.S.-born entrepreneurs in high-tech industries … characteristics and innovation activities. We find uniformly higher rates of innovation in immigrant-owned firms for 15 of 16 … different innovation measures; the only exception is for copyright/trademark. The immigrant advantage holds for older firms as …

We investigate the relationship between the presence of migrant inventors and the dynamics of innovation in the …