The objective of this paper is to establish whether the estimated relationship between environmental degradation and per capita income corroborates the inverted U-shape hypothesis as exemplified by the Environmental Kuznets curves (EKCs) in selected ECOWAS countries. Considering two variants of...

This paper is motivated by the Direct Effect of Debt Hypothesis (DEDH), and based on empirical facts, develops a theoretical model that explores the impact of external debt on economic growth by taking into consideration exports and the role of institutions or quality of governance. Using...

Purpose This paper aims to apply the debt sustainability framework using various ratios to review the current state of sovereign debt of Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) member countries. Design/methodology/approach Debt sustainability framework using various ratios (which...