unemployment benefits reduce unemployment? Using a recent labour market reform in Germany as background, we find that an enhanced … effectiveness of the PEA explains about 20% of the observed post-reform unemployment decline. The role of unemployment benefit … the PEA could have had an even higher impact on unemployment reduction if there had been less focus on long …

active labor market policy, are only partly reported as unemployment. A review of the evidence on the effectiveness of labor … have alleviated social burdens from unemployment. Discussing what causes the high unemployment in the east, we claim that … effects of wage policy have been overrated. Differences in unemployment rates are also the result of more ample labor supply …

achievement of plausible target unemployment rates, disaggregated by age and gender. Second, we analyze the job creation needs … coming decades. Overall, shifting demographics, changing labor force participation rates, reductions in unemployment to the …

instruments. Important developments since 2000 include steadily decreasing unemployment rates (since 2005), increasing …

finances, but high overall unemployment and a large share of the long-term unemployed are serious concerns. …