The hard coal mining industry in the European Union (EU) is in decline, mostly due to a lack of price competitiveness. It is maintained, to a great extent, by state aid; a key objective of the industry's existence is to provide energy security and guarantee employment in the mining regions. In...

The development of sustainable energy not only initiates technological innovations but also affects organizational innovation. One of the manifestations of such intangible innovation is peer-to-peer (P2P) transactions used in prosumer energy trading. However, a crucial condition for the...

Transfer and diffusion of knowledge and technology is a key condition for the development of innovation. In practice, they take place at the interface between science and business, which makes the level of innovation and development of a given economy depend on the effectiveness and efficiency...

In the 21st century, environmental goals such as reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and increasing the share of renewable energy sources in the energy mix became the main priority in energy policy making. At the same time, the goal of maintaining energy independence has been somewhat...

The main objective of the research was to identify the synergistic effects in the area of commercialization of the networking of research institutes in Poland following a radical reform of the functioning of the national innovation system. This goal was pursued using the example of the...