eminently. The euro has proven credible both in the countries that officially adopted it and in the countries that adopted it … facilitate the accession of willing EU members to the euro by relaxing the ERM II conditions. …

Germany have publicly supported the euro in the weeks before a bailout program got enacted by the European Council in July …

This paper analyses the main features of the market for euro-denominated bonds issued by non-euro area residents on the … the internationalisation of the euro since 1999, more than sovereigns in transition and emerging economies, whose part was … initially expected to be stronger. It confirms that the euro’s international role is characterised by a strong regional focus …

The paper examines economic and political challenges of joining the euro area in the case of Poland. After reviewing … the economic developments since the pre-accession period and assessing economic convergence with the euro area the paper … focuses on the political and institutional challenges of acceding to the euro zone. Special attention is given to the effect …

The paper provides an analysis of the euro area money and bond markets and their infrastructure since the introduction … of the euro. Significant development in terms of integration took place in both markets in general to a various degree … but apply more generally to euro securities infrastructure, identifies fields where further action is required. This …

) indicators of the euro. This framework yields two sets of indicators - (i) one nominal and several real EER indices against a … narrow reference group of euro area trading partners based on different price and cost deflators; and (ii) a nominal and a … industrial and newly industrialised euro area partner countries, while the broad group is made up of 38 trading partners …