unemployment rate - into a short-term and a long-term component. While short-term unemployment might not result in additional … workers on a large scale, long-term unemployment reduces household income more, increasing the need for additional income. On … are available, distinguishing between short-term and long-term unemployment reveals discouragement effects. …

This paper contributes to the policy-relevant question whether self-employment is a way out of (long-term) unemployment …. We estimate the relationship between the entry rate into self-employment and previous (long-term) unemployment on the … measurement errors induced by the pseudo panel structure. We find that previous (long-term) unemployment significantly increases …

Germany, as most other European countries, has been plagued by a persistently high level of long-term unemployment … since the early 1980's. In contrast, long-term unemployment is much less of a problem in the United States. One potential … reason for the different structure of unemployment relates to institutional differences in unemployment compensation systems …