(such as temporary contracts and mini-jobs) as well as unemployment. This combined unstable state captures a fuller picture … of the individual experience of volatile income and uncertain employment status than unemployment alone. We find that the … survival rates of unstable spells in the two countries are much more similar than those from unemployment. This suggests that …

This paper proposes a new econometric estimation method for analyzing the probability of leaving unemployment using … unemployment between the 1980s and 1990s during a period of labor market reform. We find that the relative probability of leaving … unemployment for the short-term unemployed compared to the long-term unemployed becomes significantly higher in the 1990s. …