This paper uses a relatively new approach to investigate the effect of parents' schooling on child's schooling; a … of increasing parents' schooling from a high school degree to a bachelor's degree. Both for the effect of mother …

,417,460 individuals from 1,341,403 families born in the Netherlands between 1966 and 1995. Comparisons between parents and their children …

that relative grading, by creating a rank-order tournament in the classroom, provides stronger incentives for male students … than absolute grading. In the full sample, we find weak support for our hypothesis. Among the more motivated students we … find evidence that men indeed score significantly higher on the test when graded on a curve. Female students, irrespective …

between children from higher or lower educated parents. Also the age gap between children does not affect the effect of birth … number of children are twins at last birth and the sex mix of the first two children. The effect of birth order is identified … estimated effects confound birth order with family size. No significant effect of the number of children on educational …