. Among students enrolled in the poorest third of schools, the effect is 7.3 percentage points. Smaller classes increase the … likelihood of earning a college degree by 1.6 percentage points and shift students towards high-earning fields such as STEM …

the numbers of students who score at or above specified proficiency levels in various subjects. Accountability systems … based on these metrics often provide incentives for teachers and principals to target children near current proficiency … levels for extra attention, but these same systems provide weak incentives to devote extra attention to students who are …

This paper examines the impact of public health insurance expansions through both Medicaid and SCHIP on children … time and across ages in children's health insurance eligibility. Using this approach, we find that test scores in reading …, but not math, increased for those children affected at birth by increased health insurance eligibility. A 50 percentage …

institutional data on college enrollment and program completion, we find that enrollment falls markedly among students at public two …-year institutions in response to increases in the minimum wage. The largest enrollment effects are seen for those students who are … of students who are unlikely to have been diverted from degree attainment …

lead, we examine effects of post-1990 school finance reforms on students' educational attainment and labor market outcomes … high- and low-income districts. Using a state-by-cohort panel design, we find that reforms increased high school completion … and college-going, concentrated among Black students and women, and raised annual earnings. They also increased the return …