questioning the view that R&D (and formal knowledge in general) equates innovation and innovation equates regional growth. We … several knowledge and innovation indicators, ranging from R&D expenditures, patent data, to newly released data on different … possible different attitudes and patterns of innovation that we control for, such as regional preconditions for knowledge and …

pt. 1. Universities : local/regional institutions of knowledge creation and innovation in national and international … contexts -- pt. 2. Universities, entrepreneurship and innovation-driven development -- pt. 3. Academic footstep in the city. …

Knowledge drives the growth of nations and regions in a competitive space-economy. Hence, we would expect a strong … correlation between investments in R&D, knowledge and learning processes, on the one hand, and productivity increases, on the … other. However, the empirical evidence shows consistent discrepancies between knowledge inputs and economic performance …