This paper discusses structure, impact, costs, and efficiency of renewable energy supply in the eight largest advanced economies (the G-7 plus Spain), with focus on Germany. Renewables production costs are compared to benefits, defined as reductions in net carbon emissions; technological...

This paper constructs new indicators of liquidity for equity, bond and money markets in major advanced and emerging market countries, documents their evolution and comovements, and assesses the extent to which such measures are determinants of selected spreads and proxy measures of countries'...

Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. LOW GLOBAL INTEREST RATES: POSSIBLE EXPLANATIONS -- III. A MODEL OF INTEREST RATE DETERMINATION -- IV. EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE -- A. Data and Methodology -- B. Empirical Results -- C. A New Economy of Interest Rates? -- V. CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY...

Using detailed information on lobbying and mortgage lending activities, we find that lenders lobbying more on issues related to mortgage lending (i) had higher loan-to-income ratios, (ii) securitized more intensively, and (iii) had faster growing portfolios. Ex-post, delinquency rates are higher...

Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY -- II. WHAT ARE RISK PREMIUMS ON THE DOLLAR AND HOW CAN WE MEASURE THEM? -- III. CAPITAL FLOWS AND RISK PREMIUMS -- IV. EXPLAINING RISK PREMIUM MOVEMENTS -- V. CONCLUSIONS AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS -- DATA AND REGRESSION METHODOLOGY -- References.

Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. WHY IS THERE A NEED FOR INTERNATIONAL MONEY? -- III. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK-FACTORS THAT FACILITATE INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY STATUS -- IV. REASONS FOR THE DIFFERENT VIEWS -- V. EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE TO DATE -- VI. MEDIUM-TERM PROSPECTS FOR THE EURO -- VII....

Intro -- Contents -- I. INTRODUCTION -- II. THE MODEL -- III. EXTENSIONS TO THE BASELINE MODEL -- IV. ESTIMATION AND MODEL COMPARISON -- V. RESULTS -- VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS -- APPENDIX: THE METROPOLIS-HASTINGS ALGORITHM -- REFERENCES.

This paper examines the role played by regional factors in Uruguay, identifies the sources and transmission mechanisms of shocks stemming from the region, and assesses how vulnerable Uruguay is to a potential crisis in the region. Using a VAR model with block exogeneity restrictions, it finds...

Conventional wisdom states that currency depreciation in oil-producing countries are contractionary because demand effects, limited by the prevalence of oil exports priced in dollars, are more than offset by adverse supply effects. Iran, however, has experienced a rapid increase in non-oil...

The paper examines the asymmetric effects of exchange rate fluctuations on real output and price in developing countries. The theoretical model decomposes movements in the exchange rate into anticipated and unanticipated components. Unanticipated currency fluctuations determine aggregate demand...