frequency. We find that the general lockdown of the first wave strongly reduced mobility at a high price in terms of employment …In response to the two waves of Covid-19 in 2020, the Italian government implemented a general lockdown in March, but …, while the targeted policies during the second wave induced a lower decrease in mobility and little additional economic cost …

the varied experiences of the poor during the pandemic. We find that the pandemic and associated government lockdowns had …

substantial health externalities. We examine this issue using data on human mobility and poverty rates in 729 subnational regions … their mobility on average, mitigating the poverty-driven gap in mobility between regions and, hence, regional differences in … avoid poverty. A new role is emerging for income support: by enabling people to effectively stay home, it can produce …