We study the objectivity of officiating under extreme pressure by analysing additional time played at the 2022 FIFA World Cup and 2024 UEFA European Championship. Controlling for within-match events, rules should be applied consistently across both halves of a football match. However, we argue...

In this paper we have proposed an efficient ratio-type exponential estimator for estimating the population mean of the study variable, by incorporating two auxiliary variables in twophase (double) sampling. The bias and the mean square error of the proposed estimator have been obtained up to the...

The present study concerns the issue of estimating the population mean and presents novel and improved regressed exponential estimators using different parameters of an auxiliary character based on sub-sampling non-respondents. The bias and mean square error (MSE) of the proposed estimators for...

This paper addresses the problem of estimating the finite population variance of the study variable y using information on the known population variance of the auxiliary variable x in sample surveys. We have suggested a class of estimators for population variance using information on population...

A decision maker (DM) must choose between two projects or decide on no project. The expected benefits of these projects are correlated. The DM seeks advice from an agent with private information about the projects' benefits. However, the agent's divergent preferences for projects and lack of...

In this paper, a new improved calibration estimator for the population mean in a stratified sampling was proposed using two auxiliary variables. A simulation study was carried out to evaluate the performance and efficiency of the proposed estimator with respect to three estimators considered in...

This study develops a flexible and efficient generalized ratio-product cum regression-type estimator of population variance utilizing auxiliary variable in two-phase sampling that incorporates the properties of ratio-type and product-type estimators. The properties of the estimator were derived...

We demonstrate that all meta-analyses of partial correlations are biased, and yet hundreds of meta-analyses of partial correlation coefficients (PCC) are conducted each year widely across economics, business, education, psychology, and medical research. To address these biases, we offer a new...

The search for an efficient estimator of the finite population mean has been a critical problem to the sample survey research community. This study is motivated by the fact that the conducted literature review showed that no research has developed such an average ratio estimator of the...

Predictive AI is increasingly used to guide decisions on agents. I show that even a bias-neutral predictive AI can potentially amplify exogenous (human) bias in settings where the predictive AI represents a cost-adjusted precision gain to unbiased predictions, and the final judgments are made by...

This paper examines the puzzle of why economic inequality has not resulted in political countermeasures to mitigate it, and proposes that the reason is due to misperceptions of economic inequality caused by segregation in social networks. We model taxation and voting behavior with an exponential...

Belief‐updating biases hinder the correction of inaccurate beliefs and lead to suboptimal decisions. We complement Rabin and Schrag's (1999) portable extension of the Bayesian model by including conservatism in addition to confirmatory bias. Additionally, we show how to identify these two...

A popular approach to perform inference on a target parameter in the presence of nuisance parameters is to construct estimating equations that are orthogonal to the nuisance parameters, in the sense that their expected first derivative is zero. Such first-order orthogonalization may, however,...

While content moderation began as a solution to online abuse, it has increasingly been framed as a source of abuse by a diverse coalition of users, civil society organisations, and politicians concerned with platform bias. The resulting crisis of legitimacy has motivated interest in more...

We investigate whether artificial intelligence can address the peer review crisis in economics by analyzing 27,090 evaluations of 9,030 unique submissions using a large language model (LLM). The experiment systematically varies author characteristics (e.g., affiliation, reputation, gender) and...

We study the objectivity of officiating under extreme pressure by analysing additional time played at the 2022 FIFA World Cup and 2024 UEFA European Championship. Controlling for within-match events, rules should be applied consistently across both halves of a football match. However, we argue...

The increasing integration of technological aids, such as the video assistant referee (VAR), is fundamentally transforming decision-making processes in professional football, especially influencing critical match moments. Penalty kicks, characterised by technical simplicity but intense...