This paper examines the historical development and cross-sectional heterogeneities of Financial Market Infrastructure (FMI). From an evolutionary perspective, we review and compare FMIs in the US, Europe, and China. We identify an emerging trend in which the development of FMI is transitioning...

This paper examines the determinants of bond issuance in the Chinese market and the influence of capital structure-in particular direct debt finance-on firm performance and the cost of debt. The results reveal that institutional factors in the Chinese market, in particular the involvement of the...

Climate-linked bonds, issued by governments and supranational organizations, are pivotal in advancing towards a net-zero economy. These bonds adjust their payoffs based on climate variables such as average temperature and greenhouse gas emissions, providing investors a hedge against long-term...

Trying to meet unlimited human needs with limited resources causes production activities to deplete or pollute natural resources. Ensuring the sustainability of natural resources and the environment is essential to leaving a livable world for future generations. The concept of sustainable...

The period after the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) was characterized by a considerable risk migration within global liquidity flows, away from cross-border bank lending towards international bond issuance. We show that the post-GFC shifts in the risk sensitivities of global liquidity flows are...

Based on an analysis of changes in the yields of German government bonds, we propose a simple model for the term structure of interest rates and show empirically that this model with two parameters (relating to the interest level and slope of the term structure) fits empirically well the data...

This paper explores the relationship between green bond markets and both green and conventional financial markets, while also evaluating their effectiveness as a climate finance instrument. Using the Thick Pen Measure of Association - a visually interpretable tool for analysing co-movement...

Nonbank lenders have been playing an increasingly important role in the supply of debt financing, especially post Great Recession. These nonbank financial institutions not only participate in syndicated loans to large businesses but also act as direct lenders to small and mid-sized businesses,...

With the advent of greening the global economy and the introduction of green financial assets, this study examines the connectedness and spillover effect of green assets using a QVAR approach focusing on the average connectedness and connectedness under extreme market conditions. The time of the...

This study examines the too-big-to-fail expectations in the primary market issuance spreads of commercial bank tier-2 capital bonds and additional tier-1 capital bonds in China. Using a sample of 574 issuances with total amount of 4.76 trillion RMB (749 billion USD), we conduct median...

Government bond yield futures and related option contracts contain information on the asymmetry of interest rate risks. We construct probability distributions of marketimplied bond yield expectations up to 90 calendar days ahead between January 2018 and December 2023. We derive daily...