This second edition of the European Maritime Transport Environmental Report (EMTER 2025) examines the progress made towards achieving Europe's decarbonisation targets and environmental goals for the maritime sector while indicating the most important trends, key challenges, and opportunities....

Background: Indonesia is an archipelagic country with 17,508 islands spread over the Pacific and Indian Oceans, with thousands of inter-island routes requiring a large and engaged fleet. The vast expanse of the country also leads to challenges related to optimal fleet coverage, routing, and oil...

The international shipping sector is a vital part of the global trading system but also a large emitter of carbon dioxide emissions. In the absence of a multilateral carbon policy for the shipping sector, different countries are starting to impose unilateral measures to decarbonize maritime...

We study a multi-product maritime inventory routing problem (MIRP) with sailing time uncertainty. We explicitly consider the replanning that happens after uncertainty is revealed. The objective is to determine the stability of the adjusted plans after the occurrence of an uncertain event and to...

Freight transport keeps the world running. In Germany freight transport has grown massively these past 30 years, by 75 %. Its climate-harming emissions are nowadays 25 % higher. Continuously high burdens of air pollution, noise and land consumption represent the downside of freight transport....

This report focuses on Russia's adaptation in its commodity exports during 2023, amidst ongoing international sanctions. It examines the shifts in export and maritime shipping patterns, emphasizing coal, crude oil, and liquefied natural gas, and their redirection towards alternative,...

The paper describes the contracting and logistics conditions contributing to the level of anchorage in the grain, coal and fertiliser export trades of Vancouver. Increases in the level of anchorage in these trades have created economic, environmental and governance issues. Comparison of the...

Shipping is a heavily regulated sector, and autonomous ships will by no means be able to escape the public regulator's agenda. Furthermore, regulatory adaptation is necessary because current laws oppose the introduction of this new technology. In contrast to maritime shipping, in which...

As climate change continues to pose a significant threat to our planet, international maritime shipping plays a crucial role in mitigation efforts. Recognizing the urgency, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has revised its targets, now aiming for full decarbonization by 2050....

Intermodality is regarded as one way of achieving more sustainable transport solutions. To make intermodal transport the preferred solution among shippers, it must be attractive according to the concept of generalized transport costs. An extended model for generalized transport costs is...

The BDI is a barometer of maritime trade, and the shipping trade network may graphically reflect trade pattern evolution. Because commerce influences freight prices, it is worthwhile to consider the influence of maritime network characteristics on freight rates. To begin, this article constructs...

This study aims to develop an index for assessing Maritime Supply Chain Risks (MSCRs) capable of preemptively detecting potential crises in the container market and validating the predictive power with Korean container volumes. By employing Lexicon-based text analysis, we scrutinized 174,271...

Background: We focus on the inland rail forwarding of import containers from a marine terminal. Specifically, we present a discrete-event simulation study related to container-loading operations by train, evaluating different train departure policies within a predetermined schedule based on the...

The logistics landscape in e-commerce is undergoing a profound transformation toward sustainability and autonomy. This paper explores the implementation of autonomous maritime and last-mile transportation solutions to optimize the entire logistics chain from factory to customer. Building on the...

Aim: Investment decisions in shipping are notoriously difficult. The key reason is that freight rates are highly volatile and often unpredictable. The energy shipping sector is most challenging. The paper formulates an investment decision rationale in energy shipping and provides insights as to...

Maritime piracy is a pressing global economic and security challenge, posing significant threats to international shipping and global trade. Contemporary piracy is intrinsically linked to matters of governance and economic marginalization fostered by the globalization of the world economy. The...

In 2013, the European Commission (EC) set out its strategy to integrate maritime transport emissions in the EU greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction policies (COM(2013) 479), which is a three-step strategy: 1. The implementation of a system that requires large ships using EU ports to monitor, report...

This report has eight chapters. Following the introduction (Pacific Peoples and the Sea), the next six chapters each focus on a separate significant component of Pacific maritime transport, analyzing the major influences and challenges, and, where relevant, key areas for future attention. The...

This Technical Note supplements the overarching regional report 'A Blue Transformation for Pacific Maritime Transport (World Bank, 2022)'. It provides more detail on, and analysis of, natural hazards in the Pacific affecting port infrastructure and operations. While natural hazards are a major...

Managing risks is crucial for efficient and resilient maritime supply chain. For Nigeria's seaports, the sources of supply chain risks and the best practices for managing them is yet to be sufficiently understood. This paper leveraged the experiences of 67 seaport operators, cargo owners, and...