Despite the large fiscal footprint of corporate tax incentives, limited causal evidence exists on their impact on economic outcomes. This paper helps fill this gap by exploiting the phasing out of a large income tax exemption scheme for export- oriented firms in Tunisia. Using data on the...

This note presents the results of the analysis of Value Added Tax (VAT) and Corporate Income Tax (CIT) compliance and policy gap estimates in Indonesia between 2016 and 2021. The study's objective is to quantify the magnitude of the tax gaps and to identify drivers behind the low efficiency of...

This paper documents the rise of corporate tax-base narrowing measures in the EU using a novel dataset covering both tax rate and tax base reforms implemented between 2014 and 2022. Our findings indicate a shift away from the ’cut rate – broaden base’ approach, as governments increasingly...

We provide novel evidence on the incidence of business taxes using comprehensive survey and experimental data from German firms. Leveraging randomized variation in hypothetical tax changes, we find that the incidence of profit taxes is highly asymmetric. Tax decreases are more likely to benefit...

Corporate taxation assumes a pivotal role in all economies, as it constitutes a substantial source of revenue for governmental agencies tasked with fulfilling social obligations. Nonetheless, modifications in financial policies and the unpredictability of macroeconomic factors result in a...

Tax expenditures are tax relief measures targeted at some socially desirable activities or specific groups of taxpayers. This paper reviews issues related to tax expenditures in the EU and presents some stylised facts related to tax expenditures in personal income taxation (PIT), value-added...

Effective policymakers must balance the demands of formulating a corporate tax system that raises revenue and spurs economic activity (e.g., investment) while promoting a "level playing field" across firms. Balancing these tradeoffs has likely caused tax systems to become more complex over time,...

We use a natural experiment and administrative data to study the effect of corporate tax cuts on business activity. For identification, we exploit the abolition of municipal corporate income taxation in Sweden in 1985, which created variation in corporate tax changes faced by different...

A broad empirical literature examines the impact of corporate taxes on firms' investment, location, and tax avoidance behaviour. Other corporate adjustment margins have received little attention. In this paper, we use administrative customs and tax return data from South Africa to demonstrate...

We extend Trade-Off Theory (TOT) by assuming that EBITDA (Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization), rather than EBIT (Earnings Before Interest and Taxes), follows a Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM), and we thus consider the role of tax depreciation allowances (TDA) in...

This study examines the impact of vertical interlock on corporate tax avoidance in business groups using data on Chinese listed companies from 2003 to 2019. We find that vertical interlock has a negative impact on corporate tax avoidance. Our result is robust to alternative measures,...

This study examines the real effects of earnings stripping rules introduced in the European Union in 2019, which tie interest deductibility to contemporaneous profitability. Exploiting a quasi-natural experiment created by the EU's harmonized implementation under the Anti-Tax Avoidance Directive...

We examine changes in the corporate tax rate across the U.S. and their implications on the pricing and quantity of loans. We find that the cost of credit decreases (increases) by approximately ten (nine) basis points in response to a one percentage tax cut (hike). The estimates are more...

We study how the OECD transfer pricing guidelines aimed at curbing tax-motivated transfer pricing practices affect investment incentives. Our theoretical model integrates the different OECD's transfer pricing methods into the tax planning cost function of an MNC to evaluate how the choice of...

The effective corporate tax rate is a critical measure reflecting a nation's fiscal policy and its attractiveness to foreign investment. This study investigates the relationship between macroeconomic determinants and effective corporate tax rates, focusing on Slovakia's competitiveness within...

This Perspective discusses the fiscal and economic impacts of the global minimum tax; currently being implemented by many countries around the world. The global minimum tax is expected to raise tax revenues, reduce profit-shifting, and allow jurisdictions to strike a better balance between...

The World Bank Investment Climate Unit, in collaboration with the Global Fiscal Policy and Sustainable Growth Unit, developed a Corporate Income Tax (CIT) Incentives Database to address data gaps and meet emerging needs for more information on the prevalence and role of incentives. The Database...

The paper advances a framework to take stock of CIT incentives across two interrelated policy objectives: stimulating investment in green sectors and processes; and/or encouraging divestment from dirty sectors. It distinguishes three categories of CIT incentives related to the green agenda: (i)...

As corporate income tax rates have fallen across the world, other capital taxes become more important. This paper studies the choice between income taxation at the corporate and shareholder level. I develop a sufficient-statistics framework to determine optimal tax reforms. The main result is...

This paper presents novel estimates of the incidence of corporate taxes by measuring the effect of local business taxes on the welfare of commercial landowners, residential landowners, firm owners, and workers. We use unique data on real estate prices in Germany covering over 32 million...

Although citizens value competitive markets and support small businesses, we observe substantial variation in market concentration. Why do politicians abstain from taking action to reduce concentration? We propose an often overlooked political benefit to concentrated markets: When concentration...

IPO listing review via comment letters is an important mechanism to improve the quality of listed firms, while its impact on corporate post-listing behaviors is not clear. Using China's Sci-Tech Innovation Board (STAR market) listed firms, this paper examines the impact of IPO listing review on...

This paper reflects the tabled novel framework for corporate taxation in the European Union, founded on the Formulary Apportionment methodology and envisaged inclusion of intangible assets in the allocation formula. The objective is to simulate the variation between the currently used Separate...