The Special Issue analyzes the impact of taxes and transfers on poverty and inequality in the TCc. It shows that fiscal policy has only a limited impact on reducing inequality, but the system cannot reduce poverty. The Special Issue provides an initial step towards understanding the...

The recovery of the Turkish Cypriot (TC) economy in 2023 was stronger than expected, and GDP is estimated to have rebounded to its pre-pandemic level. Following a deep recession in 2020-the deepest in Europe and the history of the TC economy, and after a modest recovery in 2021, the TC economy...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Cyprus examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2024 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

The VAT Gap represents the difference between expected VAT revenues and those actually collected, reflecting compliance challenges, policy inefficiencies, and enforcement gaps. As part of the European Commission's ongoing efforts to improve VAT compliance and revenue collection, these 27 country...

This report documents the work done in the most recent annual update for Cyprus. This work was carried out by the EUROMOD core development team, based at the JRC in Seville, in collaboration with the national team.

Overall, in 2022, Cyprus ranked below the average of the 27 European Union Member States (EU-27) on government effectiveness. Between 2019 and 2022, government effectiveness in Cyprus fell to its lowest point of 0.7, before recovering somewhat to 0.73 in 2022. This downward trend can be...

There were two ELD occurrences in Cyprus up to November 2021. One occurrence involved damage to protected species and natural habitats. The other occurrence involved an imminent threat of environmental damage (threat to human health and the environment (air, soil and waters)).

The aim is to identify gaps in the monitoring network for Cyprus according to the revised Ambient Air Quality Directive (Directive (EU) 2024/2881). The analysis is conducted considering the data officially reported by Cyprus for the last five years (2019-2023) to EEA's Repornet2. Data has been...

At the request of the Permanent Secretary of the Ministry of Finance (MOF) of Cyprus, a capacity development mission from the International Monetary Fund's Fiscal Affairs Department (FAD) visited Nicosia during the period June 18 - July 1, 2024. The purpose of the mission was to review the...

Robust growth last year was driven by strong tourism, ICT sector expansion, and domestic consumption. And inflation decelerated despite some volatility. Activity is expected to moderate this year as consumption growth eases and exports are hit by rising trade tensions. Looking ahead, capital...

Cyprus was granted independence in 1960 with a constitution that set out a power-sharing system, strictly communally divided between the 'Greeks' and the 'Turks'. The Constitution recognises two 'communities', the Greeks and the Turks, and three 'religious groups', the Maronites, the Armenians...

This in-depth review presents the main findings of the Commission's staff assessment of macroeconomic vulnerabilities for Cyprus for the purposes of Regulation (EU) No 1176/2011 on the prevention and correction of macroeconomic imbalances. It provides technical input to the Commission for the...

The Cypriot fleet is dominated by small-scale vessels, which represent about 95% of the total fleet in number of vessels and employment. There are no training requirements for fishers in Cyprus. Various Development Agencies (Development Agency of Lemesos, Development Agency of Paphos, etc.) have...

This briefing contains background materials for the FEMM Committee mission to Nicosia, Cyprus (26-28 May 2025), with a focus on the legacy of conflict and trauma for women and girls, including conflict-related sexual violence. The briefing has been prepared by the European Parliament's Policy...

The CyQF was established in 2012, and work on framework design was finalised in 2017, when it was referenced to the EQF. The system of vocational qualifications (SVQ), which was developed by the Human Resource Development Authority of Cyprus (HRDA), is an integral, but distinct, part of the...

The Commission carried out a study to look at consumer behaviours concerning food waste and date marking. The study covered over 25000 participants from across all 27 EU Member States, who were asked to report on how they manage food in their daily lives through a survey. Based on their...

This briefing contains background materials for the FEMM Committee mission to Nicosia, Cyprus (26-28 May 2025), with a focus on the legacy of conflict and trauma for women and girls, including conflict-related sexual violence. The briefing has been prepared by the European Parliament's Policy...

This VET policy brief produced by Cedefop presents a snapshot of vocational education and training policy developments in Cyprus between 2020 and the end of 2024. It presents the context and the challenges the country faces, a selection of the latest VET-related statistics, as well as the...

The Floods Directive (FD) established a framework for flood risk management. It foresees 6-yearly cycles aiming at the reduction of the adverse consequences associated with floods in the European Union (EU). The first cycle covered the period 2010-15. The second cycle covers the period 2016-21....

The main findings of this report have two main strands. The first is linked to the way the Republic of Cyprus (RoC) has been attempting to adjust the fishing capacity of its fleet, especially since its accession to the European Union. The second strand is linked to the way different Blue Economy...

On January 5, 2024, UN Secretary-General António Guterres appointed María Ángela Holguín Cuéllar as his Personal Envoy on Cyprus. Her role is to determine the 'common ground' from which peace talks can be resumed after standing still since 2017. The shift in Greece-Turkey relations holds...

Every year, up to 0.3 million tonnes of waste from the European shipping industry is not properly delivered at ports. Most of the waste produced by the shipping industry is plastic waste, putting plastics at the forefront of the shipping industry's waste management efforts. In an increasingly...

The JRC has established a strong and productive partnership with Cyprus in the fields of radioactivity environmental monitoring and hybrid threats. Through this collaboration, the JRC has worked closely with Cyprus' national authorities, research institutions and other stakeholders to exchange...

The JRC has established a strong and productive partnership with Cyprus in the fields of radioactivity environmental monitoring and hybrid threats. Through this collaboration, the JRC has worked closely with Cyprus' national authorities, research institutions and other stakeholders to exchange...

This Fact Sheet forms part of a series of 27 Fact Sheets, each one providing data insights into the twin transition and the technological performance of industrial ecosystems of a specific EU Member State. It has been prepared within the 'European Monitor of Industrial Ecosystems' (EMI) project...

The Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) is a research tool that is designed to identify potential risks to media pluralism in the Member States of the European Union and in Candidate Countries. This narrative report has been produced on the basis of the implementation of the MPM that was carried out...

The EUROMOD Country Reports have the double function of describing the scope of the EUROMOD simulations, including the underlying assumptions, and providing the validation of these simulations against official statistics. The Country Report for Cyprus is prepared by the CY EUROMOD National Team...

Cyprus is a unitary presidential republic. Until 1960, when Cyprus became independent, the legal system was based on the English legal system, which applied the principles of common law and equity. Following independence in 1960 the English legal system was largely preserved. Currently, the...

Twenty years ago, Cyprus joined the European Union, where it has historically and culturally always belonged. With EU membership, Cyprus has benefitted from investments and better public services, improved environmental protection and better energy resilience, as well as disaster protection. At...

Twenty years ago, our European family grew bigger. On 1 May 2004, the citizens of Cyprus, Czechia, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia became citizens of the EU. Overnight, our Union became a greater political, economic and cultural entity, stretching from...

This Flash Eurobarometer, 'Public opinion in the EU regions' (FL539), was conducted at the request of the Directorate-General for Communication. The survey is designed to assess the views of EU citizens living in each of 194 individual regions across the 27 EU Member States. The survey was built...

This unique insight into the corporate investment in Cyprus examines companies' finance needs and the constraints they face. The 2023 edition also provides insight into the pressing issues facing firms, such as climate change, high energy costs and the green transition. The survey, which has...

The Education and Training Monitor's country reports present and assess the main recent and ongoing policy development at all education levels in the 27 EU Member States. They give the reader more in-depth insight into the performance of a country as regards the EU-level targets agreed within...

The Education and Training Monitor's country reports present and assess the main recent and ongoing policy development at all education levels in the 27 EU Member States. They give the reader more in-depth insight into the performance of a country as regards the EU-level targets agreed within...

The Education and Training Monitor's country reports present and assess the main recent and ongoing policy development at all education levels in the 27 EU Member States. They give the reader more in-depth insight into the performance of a country as regards the EU-level targets agreed within...

The 17th post-programme surveillance mission to Cyprus took place from 30 September to 7 October 2024. This mission involved European Commission staff in liaison with European Central Bank (ECB) staff. European Stability Mechanism (ESM) staff participated on aspects relating to the ESM's Early...