This paper studies the volatility of electricity spot prices in the Nordic market (Sweden, Finland, Denmark, and Norway) under regime switching. Utilizing Markov-switching GARCH (Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity) models, we provide strong evidence of nonlinear regime...

The electricity industry is undergoing a transformative evolution driven by three overarching trends: decentralization, digitalization, and decarbonization (3Ds). To ensure access to clean, affordable, and reliable energy for all by 2030 - UN sustainable development goal 7 (SDG7) - countries...

We examine the impact of the war in Ukraine on long-term contracts in energy markets. We find that traded contract volumes fall by 65 percent in the first months of the war. A collapse in bilateral trading contributes most to this decline. To protect themselves from price shocks, firms...

The residential sector is one of the main consumers of energy in Nepal, with cooking being a major end-use. Unprocessed solid biomass fuels are the primary cooking fuels, with approximately 60% of households relying on them for their cooking needs. However, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), which...

The unreliable power supply, high cost of electricity and non-payment of electricity bills among the state-owned hospitals in Ghana badly affects health services delivery. Meanwhile, hospitals can obtain reliable electricity and reduce their bills using rooftop solar PV systems technology, yet...

Accessible and affordable energy services are a prerequisite for socioeconomic growth and poverty reduction. Yet it is estimated that 600 million people in sub-Saharan Africa will not have access to electricity in 2030. Recent research suggests that universal access to electricity will be...

The worldwide matter of climate change, which has negative impacts on the Earth and its inhabitants, is attributed to the elevation in emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) caused by the burning of fossil fuels. Due to the disproportionate rise of GHGs in recent decades, global warming and...

This study explores the economic feasibility and long-term potential of rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems in multi-apartment buildings across the Baltic States (Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia) through 2050. Using stochastic modeling and Monte Carlo simulations, it uniquely evaluates the...

This study optimizes a local renewable electricity supply system to integrate demand response tactics for powerintensive industry activities. We use a multi-phase optimization framework to design demand response scheduling for continuous production and identify the best configuration for a local...

The African Single Electricity Market aims to create the world's largest electricity market by 2040. This initiative faces the challenge of interconnecting a continent with significant geographical, cultural, and political differences, and addressing energy poverty for over 500 million people....

The energy transition requires significant investment in intermittent renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power. New generation capacities are generally procured through fixed price contracts, such as power purchase agreements and contracts for difference, or feed-in tariffs. With...

This paper documents the evolution of US carbon emissions and discusses the main factors that contributed to the historical carbon emissions rollercoaster. We divide the discussion into four periods - up to 1920, 1920-1960, 1960-2005 and after 2005. For each period, we discuss the main drivers...

We often take electricity for granted, expecting it at the flick of a switch. Yet behind the scenes, 11.3 million Km of electricity lines and cables bring electricity to 266 million customers. Combating climate change and enhancing the EU's energy independence requires a modernised electricity...

Background: Thailand is actively transitioning toward electric vehicle adoption as part of its commitment to reducing greenhouse gas emissions. This study investigates the economic feasibility of replacing diesel buses with electric buses in Thailand's public transportation sector. Methods: The...

Energy losses, both technical and non-technical, are incurred during the transfer of electrical energy from the power plant to the customer. Technical energy losses are evident since they result from the properties of materials. Detecting non-technical energy losses is challenging due to their...

The transition from traditional labor intensive to modern capital intensive production is a key factor for industrial development. Using half a million observations from Indian manufacturing plants, I analyze the effects of a secular decrease in industrial electricity prices through the lens of...

When governments have more revenue, they can invest in infrastructure, such as the provision of electricity or clean fuels, which is more effective in well-governed countries. Here, we use an equilibrium correction model to empirically investigate the relationship between government revenue per...

This document provides recommendations for the statistical recording of capacity allocation and balancing markets, which are crucial for addressing deviations between supply and demand in electricity markets. It also includes guidance on transactions related to the electricity congestion income...

The following guidelines are primarily aimed for public authorities and intend to provide recommendations and examples of good practices that these authorities can consider when setting up tenders for publicly accessible EV recharging infrastructure. While the onus of responsibility for ensuring...

Interconnectors with third countries are currently outside the scope of the Electricity Directive1 and of the Electricity Regulation. Therefore, the provisions contained in these acts regarding third-party access and tariffs, unbundling, the destination of congestion income and capacity...

This document analyses the status and future of the skills needed to support the energy system during its transition to achieve the decarbonisation objectives. The digital transformation in the energy sector, as is any other part of the economy, affects especially the requested skills, therefore...

Electrification typically promotes economic development and enhances household wellbeing. However, how electrification affects the economic activities of different demographic groups is not yet sufficiently understood. Focusing only on aggregate household-level outcomes may overlook unequal...

I examine the pricing behavior of municipal and private firms in the unregulated Swedish district heating market, characterized by geographically bounded local monopoly networks. Conditional on exogenous cost factors, private firms charge on average seven percent higher prices compared to their...

Riding electric bicycles and using public transport are popular alternatives to private car use. Utilizing data from a 2022 survey of 6,285 participants in Germany, we examine who typically owns e-bikes or public transport tickets. We firstly employ regression analyses to identify correlations...

Electricity price forecasting has been a topic of significant interest since the deregulation of electricity markets worldwide. The New Zealand electricity market is run primarily on renewable fuels, and so weather metrics have a significant impact on electricity price and volatility. In this...

The profitable exploitation of asset portfolios in the European electricity markets has become more challenging in recent years. This is particularly true for combined heat and power (CHP) generation units that are often facing must-run conditions due to heat demands that need to be satisfied....

This study presents a systematic review of the academic literature on electric and hybrid vehicles, their ecosystems, and supporting infrastructure over the period 2008-2024. Using the PRISMA methodology, the research evaluates related studies, exploring trends and developments in charging...

This paper develops a simple nonparametric test for perfect competition in markets for homogenous goods. The method only requires data on prices and some aggregate of output. We then generalize the method to account for variable capacity and intertemporal production decisions. We apply the...

Low efficiency and reliability in the energy sector, paired with high costs, dampens competitiveness and holds up growth in The Bahamas. This chapter takes stock of the country's electricity sector and examines the potential macroeconomic impact of the government's proposed electricity sector...

Madagascar faces significant challenges in electricity access, with only 36 percent of the population connected. The state-owned utility, JIRAMA, struggles with inefficient production, high transmission and distribution losses, and tariffs below recovery costs. These issues create a substantial...

This document provides recommendations for the statistical recording of capacity allocation and balancing markets, which are crucial for addressing deviations between supply and demand in electricity markets. It also includes guidance on transactions related to the electricity congestion income...