Regulatory sandboxes have emerged as policy instruments designed to support FinTech innovation while maintaining supervisory oversight. By allowing firms to test financial products in controlled environments, sandboxes aim to reduce regulatory uncertainty and facilitate market entry. Despite...

This study investigates the influence of macroprudential policies (MaPs) on corporate investment, employing firm-bank level microdata from the European Investment Bank Investment Survey (EIBIS) for the period 2015-2022. We initially document that MaP tightening, particularly through supply-based...

Müller (2023) presents evidence for electoral cycles in macroprudential policy in a sample of 58 countries from 2000 through 2014. Consistent with theoretical arguments, the pattern of looser regulation is larger when election outcomes are uncertain and institutions are weak. In this...

The 2017 FSAP focused its recommendations around strengthening and clarifying the mandates of the authorities. The FSAP noted that the multiple objectives of the organizations, together with the fact that there was no defined framework for cooperation and the separate control over prudential...

This paper examines the effect of macroprudential policies on private domestic investment using a panel of 87 developing countries from 2000 to 2017. Our instrumental variables strategy exploits the geographic diffusion of macroprudential policies across countries, with the idea that reforms in...

This paper examines the impact of borrower-based macroprudential policy tightening on mortgage lending in Slovakia, focusing in particular on the role of financial advisors in shaping loan characteristics. Using a comprehensive loan-level dataset from Slovak banks, we analyze the effects of key...

We study whether and how EU banks comply with tighter macroprudential policy (MPP). Observing contractual details for more than one million securitized loans, we document an elusive risk-shifting response by EU banks in reaction to tighter loan-to-value (LTV) restrictions between 2009 and 2022....

Several countries now require banks or money market funds to impose state-contingent costs on shortterm creditors to absorb financial stress. We study these requirements as part of the broader prudential toolkit in a model with five key ingredients: banks may face an aggregate stress state with...

We examine hedging as a macroprudential tool in a Sudden Stops model of an economy exposed to commodity price fluctuations. We find that hedging commodity revenues yields significant welfare gains by stabilizing public expenditure, which heavily depends on these revenues. However, this added...

This paper examines how microprudential policy affects income inequality, and whether and how the effect of macroprudential policy on income inequality depends on the stance of microprudential policy. The dataset covers 70 countries over the period 1996-2013. Applying the system GMM estimation...

Countries choose diverse policy mixes of macroprudential and capital flow management measures, yet the drivers behind these policy choices remain largely unexplored. We identify potential conditions for the adoption and determinants of the use of macroprudential and capital flow management...

This study has a twofold objective. The first one is an assessment of the efficiency of monetary and capital-based macroprudential policy, defined as imposing less interest costs to loan borrowers (nonfinancial corporations and households). The second objective of this paper is the assessment of...

This paper investigates the cyclicality of international reserves and their role in macroeconomic stabilization. We challenge two widely held assumptions: (1) central banks typically manage IR counter-cyclically—accumulating reserves during booms and drawing them down during downturns; and (2)...

The Bank for International Settlements' Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures (CPMI) and the International Organization of Securities Commissions (IOSCO) closely monitor the implementation of the Principles for financial market infrastructures (PFMI). This report presents the...

We construct a New-Keynesian E-DSGE model with energy disaggregation and financial intermediaries to show how energy-related fiscal and macroprudential policies interact in affecting the euro area macroeconomy and carbon emissions. When a shock to the price of fossil resources propagates through...

Physical climate risks can have a large regional impact, which can influence mortgage loans' credit risk and should be priced by the lenders. Motivated by the relevance of climate change for financial intermediaries, our paper aims at analysing if physical climate risks are being reflected in...

The European Union needs a single market for capital. Well-developed and integrated capital markets are necessary to support economic growth and resilience across the region, while offering benefits for businesses, households and financial stability. This paper examines the importance of the CMU...