This report contains a case study for the Study supporting the Impact assessment of the future European Social Fund proposal. Achieving structural change: conditions for success in the areas of ESF intervention. The reform under assessment focuses on the 2015 pension reform in Finland, and...

The economy has begun to recover from the 2023 recession, but the strength of the rebound is hindered by still weak construction investment and tepid growth among trading partners. Falling energy prices and weak domestic demand have temporarily reduced inflation below 2 percent. The economic...

This study examines the relationship between immigration and firmlevel innovation in the Finnish manufacturing sector. The analysis leverages unique matched data, including employees' immigration status, firm-level patenting, process and product innovation activities, and innovation inputs...

Policymakers, public commentators, and researchers often cite the Nordic countries as examples of a social and economic model that successfully combines low income inequality with prosperity and growth. This article aims to critically assess this claim by integrating theoretical perspectives and...

Background Healthcare expenditures have risen in middle- and high-income countries. One of the potential contributors is the overuse of diagnostics. I explore whether medical imaging is overused when privately owned clinics in Finland treat patients with voluntary private health insurance...

Background Within Finland's breast cancer screening program, all women aged 50-69 are invited to biennial screening. Current European guidelines recommend screening in ages 45-49 and 70-74 conditional upon, inter alia, demonstrated context-specific cost-effectiveness. This study aims to...

This paper explores post-pandemic developments and analyses post-COVID matching dynamics in the Nordic labour markets. It also discusses the role of institutions and the policies implemented to address labour market mismatch in the region. The COVID-19 pandemic brought about a recession, with a...

This paper investigates the effect of a major economic recession on the educational attainment of the next generation. Our analysis is based on nationwide longitudinal registry data on Finland. We focus on the heterogenous effects of the recession on households of different socioeconomic...

The service sector is undergoing rapid changes attribut- ed to digitalization. This study examines the relation- ship between digitalization and the performance of the Finnish private service firms from 2015 to 2021 using linked employer-employee data, financial data and an IT usage survey. Our...

Recent studies use names—first and surnames—to estimate intergenerational mobility in sources that lack direct family links. While generating novel evidence on intergenerational transmission processes, it remains unclear how different estimators compare and how reliable they are. This paper...

This report discusses the shortcomings of conventional productivity measures that overlook the environmental efforts of firms aiming to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. It highlights the importance of utilizing green productivity metrics, such as carbon productivity and green total factor...

As compared to the earlier generations of mobile communications (1G to 4G), the fifth one (5G) is a major business, regulatory, and technical discontinuity. Furthermore, unlike the previous generations, 5G is also much more of a geopolitical and geoeconomic battleground. These shifts are neither...

This focused after-action review (AAR), conducted by ECDC in collaboration with the Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), investigated the use of evidence in the Finnish advice-making process for school interventions from December 2021 to January 2022, when the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron...

PSF Country Finland aims to analyse and address the barriers hindering public-private R&D collaboration within Finland's research and innovation (R&I) ecosystem. The activity explores the obstacles that hinder such collaboration in Finland and identifies bottlenecks for improvement. The main...

The Education and Training Monitor's country reports present and assess the main recent and ongoing policy development at all education levels in the 27 EU Member States. They give the reader more in-depth insight into the performance of a country as regards the EU-level targets agreed within...

This report has been prepared to inform the work of the PSF panel of experts who will be responsible for formulating recommendations for improving the framework of universities and research institutions with the business sector in Finland. The aim of this study was to provide a broader framework...

The Education and Training Monitor's country reports present and assess the main recent and ongoing policy development at all education levels in the 27 EU Member States. They give the reader more in-depth insight into the performance of a country as regards the EU-level targets agreed within...

The Education and Training Monitor's country reports present and assess the main recent and ongoing policy development at all education levels in the 27 EU Member States. They give the reader more in-depth insight into the performance of a country as regards the EU-level targets agreed within...

In a dual income tax (DIT) system, labor income is taxed progressively, while capital income is subject to a lower proportional tax. DIT systems were introduced in Sweden, Norway, and Finland in the early 1990s. In the absence of rules restricting capital income distributions, owners of...

The Media Pluralism Monitor (MPM) is a research tool that is designed to identify potential risks to media pluralism in the Member States of the European Union and in Candidate Countries. This narrative report has been produced on the basis of the implementation of the MPM that was carried out...

The 'Building Regional Resilience to Industrial Structural Change' project in Oulu focuses on addressing high unemployment, particularly among young people. The project, developed under the FOUNDATION Interreg umbrella, targets the vitality of Oulu, especially in rural areas with small...

The 'Building Regional Resilience to Industrial Structural Change' project in Oulu focuses on addressing high unemployment, particularly among young people. The project, developed under the FOUNDATION Interreg umbrella, targets the vitality of Oulu, especially in rural areas with small...

This report provides the third and final assessment of the implementation of the European Systemic Risk Board's (ESRB) country-specific Recommendations on medium-term vulnerabilities in the residential real estate (RRE) sector.

The JRC has established a strong and productive partnership with Finland in the fields of innovation ecosystems, foresight, energy, environmental protection and monitoring, landuse and forest management, bio-economy, artificial intelligence, data and knowledge management. Through this...

The JRC has established a strong and productive partnership with Finland in the fields of innovation ecosystems, foresight, energy, environmental protection and monitoring, landuse and forest management, bio-economy, artificial intelligence, data and knowledge management. Through this...

This Fact Sheet forms part of a series of 27 Fact Sheets, each one providing data insights into the twin transition and the technological performance of industrial ecosystems of a specific EU Member State. It has been prepared within the 'European Monitor of Industrial Ecosystems' (EMI) project...

The EUROMOD Country Reports have the double function of describing the scope of the EUROMOD simulations, including the underlying assumptions, and providing the validation of these simulations against official statistics. The Country Report for Finland is prepared by the FI EUROMOD National Team...

This VET policy brief produced by Cedefop presents a snapshot of vocational education and training policy developments in Finland between 2020 and the beginning of 2023. It presents the context and the challenges the country faces, a selection of the latest VET-related statistics, as well as the...

This Flash Eurobarometer, 'Public opinion in the EU regions' (FL539), was conducted at the request of the Directorate-General for Communication. The survey is designed to assess the views of EU citizens living in each of 194 individual regions across the 27 EU Member States. The survey was built...

The aim of this report is to investigate the potential for harnessing key features of Transformative Innovation to improve the design and the implementation of Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) strategies, based on empirical analyses. The study draws on the conceptual framework on this question...