How do financial markets respond to anticipated climate-driven wildfire risk? Using high-resolution meteorological forecasts, land use data, and U.S. municipal bond spreads, we find that municipalities facing greater future wildfire exposure already incur higher borrowing costs: A one standard...

Forest degradation by fires is growing in a fast pace in the Brazilian portion of the Amazonian rainforest, damaging the regional environment and economy. Seeking to measure the impact of such process on rainfall, the paper analyses a wide diversity of fine-grained satellite measurements with...

Firelogue brings together expertise from around Europe on Wildfire Risk Management (WFRM). From researchers to civil society organisations, Firelogue's partners have the experience, knowledge and forward-thinking attitude that puts them at the forefront of WFRM, contributing to the solutions and...

This report contains the annual summary of the fire season of 2023 with official figures provided by 34 contributing countries for the number of fires, burnt areas and fire prevention efforts, and the analysis of fire danger and areas mapped in the European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS).

This report contains the annual summary of the fire season of 2023 with official figures provided by 34 contributing countries for the number of fires, burnt areas and fire prevention efforts, and the analysis of fire danger and areas mapped in the European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS).

Wildfire activity has increased in the US and is projected to accelerate under future climate change. However, our understanding of the impacts of climate change on wildfire smoke and health remains highly uncertain. We quantify the past and future mortality burden in the US due to wildfire...

The year 2022 was marked by large wildfires that caused significant social, environmental and economic impacts. Describing some of the most impactful occurrences is essential, not only for historical record but also for drawing lessons that can be important for defining policies and improving...

This report contains the annual summary of the wildfire season of 2023 on the basis of data from the European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS). It is published early in 2024 to provide an advance comprehensive analysis of the wildfire season 2023. The analysis and data in the report...

For governments, the occurrence of natural disasters creates the opportunity to demonstrate their willingness and competence in providing prompt and efficient disaster aid. A number of studies has investigated the political consequences of providing disaster aid by analyzing the effects of such...

Unmanaged and overgrown coastal heathlands represent a substantial fire hazard. We analyse how this hazard in Norwegian coastal heathlands is influenced by weather conditions, land management, and usage. Our analysis integrates vegetation, maintenance, and management data with emergency response...

Governments monitor air quality for regulatory purposes and, more recently, to provide information so individuals can act to lower their exposure to air pollution. Recent developments in low-cost technologies have also led to private adoption of air-quality monitors that produce publicly...

This paper examines the impact of severe wildfire events on Bolivia's poverty and labor market outcomes. We use a panel from 2005 to 2020 utilizing NASA's MODIS Collection-6 MCD64A1 burned area product and household surveys. To attain survey representativeness at a lower geographical level, we...

This study provides a comprehensive understanding of the Great Fire's effects on London's economic geography. Our analysis reveals both continuity and change. There was a swift postfire recovery accompanied by some shift in economic activity towards the City of Westminster by 1690, with markets...

How are financial markets responding to anticipated climate-driven wildfire risk increases? Combining high-resolution meteorological predictions and land use pattern maps with detailed US municipal bond data, this paper finds that municipalities facing higher future wildfire risk increases are...

There is strong evidence on the mortality and morbidity external costs of air pollution. This paper focuses on another source of air pollution externality: the loss in solar electricity generation from increased atmospheric opacity due to air pollution. We use data from residential rooftop solar...

The full-information rational expectations (FIRE) assumption is at the core of modern macroeconomics. We revisit recent evidence which rejects FIRE based on survey data. It relates forecast errors to news at different levels of aggregation. The evidence based on consensus forecasts testifies...

Natural disasters cause economic damages and may exacerbate disparities in income distribution among countries across the globe. This article employs satellite data on real-time active fire locations to evaluate the short-term impact of forest fires on economic inequality around the world. Using...

Wildland-urban interface (WUI) regions are exposed to increasing wildfire risk due to the effects of accelerating climate change on fuel flammability, as well as a legacy of fire exclusion that promoted fuel accumulations in seasonally dry forests of western US. State and Federal land management...

Scaling up climate-adaptation in wildfire-prone watersheds requires innovative partnerships and funding. Water utilities are one stakeholder group that could play a role in these efforts. The overarching purpose of this study was to understand water utility engagement in wildfire mitigation...

To control the COVID-19 pandemic, governments worldwide deployed unprecedented policies. Mandatory lockdowns, mobility restrictions, and calls for social distancing and voluntary individual constraints were among the key interventions to reduce exposure risks. The resulting global reductions in...

Global warming has increased the frequency and intensity of extreme climate change events. We study the impact of a severe climate change event, particularly wildfire smoke, on consumer purchases of sustainable products by combining retail scanner and air quality data. Exploiting the random...

Wildfires exacerbated by climate change are a growing issue in the US. However, the full economic implications of wildfires for the housing market are largely unknown. As a case study, we estimate the effect of changing wildfire risk perceptions on residential home sale prices in California. We...

Each year, wildfires destroy larger areas of Spain, threatening numerous ecosystems. Humans cause 90% of them (negligence or provoked) and the behaviour of individuals is unpredictable. However, atmospheric and environmental variables affect the spread of wildfires, and they can be analysed by...

Until now very little work has been done to estimate the effect of wildfire smoke on employment. This paper starts to address that gap. Smoke data from the NOAA Hazard Mapping System, Smoke and Fire Product is matched to data on employment and hours worked from the Current Population Survey at...

Quantifying factors giving rise to temporal variation in forest fires is important for advancing scientific understanding and improving fire prevention. We demonstrate that eighty percent of the large year-to-year variation in forest area burned in California can be accounted for by variation in...

This issue of the EFFIS annual report on forest fires for the year 2022 is the 23rd in the series. This report is consolidated as highly appreciated documentation of the previous year's forest fires in Europe, Middle East and North Africa. The section on national reporting gives an overview of...

This report presents an overview of the 2021 wildfire season in the Mediterranean region on the basis of the data that are available in the European Forest Fire Information System (EFFIS), which is complemented with a specific analysis of some of the most damaging fires during this campaign,...

This is the first edition of the Forest Fire Information and Management Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) report. This report provides an overview of the efforts made at the national level in each country and at the regional level in the development and use of forest fire...

Wildfires are increasing in frequency and intensity. We study the impact of exposure to wildfires on air pollutants and on human health in Chile, finding substantial impacts on both classes of outcomes. We use data on 15 wildfire seasons (2004-2018) matched with granular (intra-day) records of...