We examine impact of economic sanctions on Russian import prices using detailed data on other countries’ exports to Russia. We find that unit import prices of goods sanctioned by trading blocs such as the European Union have increased, often drastically, and even when imported to Russia from...

This paper provides an in-depth analysis of the regional features of Ukraine's foreign trade in goods, focusing on export and import dynamics for 2024 and historical trends. The study aims to assess the state of foreign economic activity across different regions of Ukraine, using statistical...

This study examines the short-run dynamics and long-run determinants of bilateral trade between Saudi Arabia (KSA) and Jordan during the period of 1995-2024 using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach. Employing a country-pair time series framework, the analysis...

In April and in October 2025 China imposed export controls on rare earths amid escalating trade tensions with the United States. Although these measures were too short-lived to generate macroeconomic effects, they signalled China's ability to draw on its dominant position in the rare earth...

Power imbalances in EU agri-food value chains have prompted legislators to prohibit 'Unfair Trading Practices' (UTPs). The European UTP framework extends to global value chains (GVCs) such as cocoa and banana chains, where the EU is a major consumer and which are known for the application of...

New importers increase their conditional survival rate and import share over time. However, a model of multi-input firms with an import entry cost and stochastic import costs cannot replicate these dynamics. I show that an extended model can be reconciled with the data. I calibrate both models...

Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 has triggered profound structural changes in the country's economy, reshaping patterns of foreign trade, foreign direct investment and sectoral specialisation. This paper analyses the shifts in Ukraine's trade and investment structures...

Letters of credit are a key trade finance instrument that covers more than 10 percent of global trade, with a notably larger role in low-and middle-income economies. Studying detailed trade data from Viet Nam, we document how letter of credit use varies with firm characteristics. We show that...

Using a method inspired by quantum principles, this study estimates the composition of various types of tax contributions expected from foreign trade operations. The estimation approach is proposed considering the superposition of expectations and disturbances-fundamental elements of quantum...

Large volumes of e-waste collected under formal schemes in high-income countries are still processed informally in developing ones, despite continuous policy efforts to reverse this trend. This paper shows that the persistence of informal e-waste processing is a consequence of how global waste...

The globalization of food trade has needed robust traceability systems to ensure consumer safety, quality and sustainability product. By fostering transparency in agricultural practices and encouraging responsible resource use, traceability plays a key role in protecting the environment and...

We provide a selective overview of the literature on the linkages between interstate conflict and international trade, paying special attention to how trade openness (i) affects arming incentives, (ii) the channels through which its effects travel, and (iii) its consequences for the emergence of...

The global turn towards the market of the 1980s and 1990s led some to believe that globalization was untethering itself from its political moorings. More recently, however, the combined impact of the China shock, Covid, and war have revealed even to economists what historians and political...

The European Union has implemented various trade policies in the textile and clothing sector, a major global employment generator, over the past three decades. This paper investigates how these evolving policies have impacted the four largest exporters of textiles and clothing to the EU. A...

Die Studie untersucht die technologische Leistungsfähigkeit Deutschlands im internationalen Vergleich anhand von Daten zur sektoralen Wertschöpfung sowie mittels Daten zum Handel mit Industriegütern. Sie zeigt, dass die deutsche Wirtschaft weiterhin stark auf die Produktion hochwertiger...

Als Bestandteil der Weltwirtschaft sieht sich die deutsche Industrie drei Herausforderungen gegenüber. Erstens, der unilateralen Handelspolitik von "Trump 2.0" und ihre negativen Auswirkungen auf die globale Handelsordnung. Zweitens, der sinkenden globalen Nachfrage nach deutschen Exportgütern...

Im Rahmen der Außenhandelsstatistik wird der Warenverkehr zwischen Deutschland und den anderen Mitgliedstaaten der Europäischen Union durch eine Befragung von Unternehmen erfasst. Neue innovative Verfahren und technischer Fortschritt im Statistischen Bundesamt und auf europäischer Ebene haben...

This paper examines the potential impact of border carbon adjustments on Trinidad and Tobago's exports. Despite its marginal contribution to global greenhouse gas emissions, the country's high carbon intensity exposes the economy to global low-carbon transition risks. The paper aims to raise...

I conduct a comprehensive analysis of China's international and domestic border effects. My results confirm the negative impact of administrative borders on exports. In my analysis, I account for multilateral resistance terms, which were omitted in previous relevant studies. My findings show...

Europe • Germany must once again see itself as an important part of and a leading nation within the EU. The new German government should consistently think and act in a European way on foreign trade issues. • Only a strong EU single market can compete on equal terms with the USA and China....